ࡱ > ? bjbj** = H| H| /p L L ~ C : ! ! ! ! " 6 ;" O" ;C =C =C =C =C =C =C $ E fH V aC 9 [" " " [" [" aC ! ! C / / / [" . ! ! ;C / [" ;C / / @ B ! gh] % L {A 'C C 0 C A H . H , B H B [" [" / [" [" [" [" [" aC aC / [" [" [" C [" [" [" [" H [" [" [" [" [" [" [" [" [" L ( t : " 1 4> B5=45@=>W 4>:C<5=B0FVW #", ) .",!/ # "01;8FO 1 ! 7/ ? >:C<5=B 8<>38 4> 4>:C<5=BC ;O N@848G=8E >AV1 1 . >:C<5=B8 CG0A=8:0 =0 ?V4B25@465==O ?>2=>2065==O :5@V2=8:0 01> ?@54AB02=8:0 ( C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18) CG0A=8:0 70:C?V2;V =0 ?@02> ?V4?8AC 4>:C<5=BV2 ?@>?>78FVW ;O :5@V2=8:0 : 1 . 8?8A:0 7 ?@>B>:>;C 71>@V2 70A=>2=8:V2 ?@> ?@87=0G5==O 48@5:B>@0, ?@57845=B0, 3>;>28 ?@02;V==O B>I>. 2 . 0:07 ?@> ?@87=0G5==O :5@V2=8:0. ;O C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18 : 1 . 8?8A:0 7 ?@>B>:>;C 71>@V2 70A=>2=8:V2. 2 . 0:07 ?@> ?@87=0G5==O :5@V2=8:0. 3 . >2V@5=VABL 01> 4>@CG5==O 01> V=H89 4>:C<5=B :5@V2=8:0, O:8< ?V4B25@46CNBLAO ?>2=>2065==O =0 ?@54AB02=8FB2> V=B5@5AV2 #G0A=8:0 V ?@02> ?V4?8AC 4>:C<5=BV2. >?VO 4>:C<5=B0 70 ?V4?8A>< :5@V2=8:0/ C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18, 702V@5=0 ?5G0B:>N* #G0A=8:0. 2 . =D>@<0FVO ?@> 284 >?>40B:C20==O 01> 4>:C<5=B ?@> 284 >?>40B:C20==O >2V4:0 C 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V 70 ?V4?8A>< :5@V2=8:0/ C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18, 702V@5=0 ?5G0B:>N* #G0A=8:0 3 . !B0BCB 7V 7<V=0<8 ( C @07V WE =0O2=>ABV) 01> V=H>3> CAB0=>2G>3> 4>:C<5=B0 01> ;8AB C 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V V7 707=0G5==O< :>4C 4>ABC?C 4> @57C;LB0BV2 =040==O 04<V=VAB@0B82=8E ?>A;C3 C AD5@V 45@602=>W @5TAB@0FVW . # @07V, O:I> #G0A=8: 74V9A=NT 4VO;L=VABL =0 ?V4AB02V <>45;L=>3> AB0BCBC, =5>1EV4=> =040B8 @VH5==O 7030;L=8E 71>@V2 70A=>2=8:V2 ?@> AB2>@5==O B0:>W N@848G=>W >A>18. !:0=>20=89 >@83V=0; 01> >?VO 4>:C<5=B0 70 ?V4?8A>< :5@V2=8:0/ C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18, 702V@5=0 ?5G0B:>N* #G0A=8:0 ;O DV78G=8E >AV1 1 . =D>@<0FVO ?@> @5TAB@0FV9=89 =><5@ >1;V:>2>W :0@B:8 ?;0B=8:0 ?>40B:V2 ( ) !:0=>20=89 >@83V=0; 01> >?VO 4>:C<5=B0 70 ?V4?8A>< #G0A=8:0 2 . 0A?>@B ( AB>@V=:8 1 - 6 B0 40=V ?@> <VAF5 @5TAB@0FVW/ ?@>?8A:8) 01> I D - :0@B:0. $V78G=V >A>18, O:V G5@57 A2>W @5;V3V9=V ?5@5:>=0==O 2V4<>2;ONBLAO 2V4 ?@89=OBBO @5TAB@0FV9=>3> =><5@0 >1;V:>2>W :0@B:8 ?;0B=8:0 ?>40B:V2 B0 ?>2V4><8;8 ?@> F5 2V4?>2V4=89 >@30= 45@602=>W DVA:0;L=>W A;C618 ( 45@602=>W ?>40B:>2>W A;C618) ?>28==V <0B8 2V4<VB:C C ?0A?>@BV. !:0=>20=89 >@83V=0; 01> >?VO 4>:C<5=B0 70 ?V4?8A>< #G0A=8:0 3 . =D>@<0FVO ?@> 284 >?>40B:C20==O 01> 4>:C<5=B ?@> 284 >?>40B:C20==O >2V4:0 C 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V 70 ?V4?8A>< #G0A=8:0 4 . >2V4:0 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V 7 ?>OA=5==O<8 ?@> <>6;82VABL 74V9A=N20B8 3>A?>40@AL:C 4VO;L=VABL 157 ?5G0B:8 @83V=0; 4>:C<5=B0 7 ?V4?8A>< #G0A=8:0 @8<VB:8. * - &O 28<>30 =5 AB>ACTBLAO CG0A=8:V2, O:V 74V9A=NNBL 4VO;L=VABL 157 ?5G0B:8 73V4=> 7 G8==8< 70:>=>402AB2><, 70 28=OB:>< >@83V=0;V2 G8 =>B0@V0;L=> 702V@5=8E 4>:C<5=BV2, 2840=8E CG0A=8:C V=H8<8 >@30=V70FVO<8 ( ?V4?@8T<AB20<8, CAB0=>20<8) . >:C<5=B8, I> =5 ?5@5410G5=V 70:>=>402AB2>< 4;O AC1 T:BV2 ?V4?@8T<=8FL:>W 4VO;L=>ABV B0 DV78G=8E >AV1, =5 ?>40NBLAO =8<8 C A:;04V ?@>?>78FVW. "01;8FO 2 ! 7/ ? 20;VDV:0FV9=V :@8B5@VW* >:C<5=B8 B0 V=D>@<0FVO, O:V ?V4B25@46CNBL 2V4?>2V4=VABL #G0A=8:0 :20;VDV:0FV9=8< :@8B5@VO< 1 0O2=VABL 4>:C<5=B0;L=> ?V4B25@465=>3> 4>A2V4C 28:>=0==O 0=0;>3VG=>3> ( 0=0;>3VG=8E) 70 ?@54<5B>< 70:C?V2;V 4>3>2>@C ( 4>3>2>@V2) 1 . 1 . 0 ?V4B25@465==O 4>A2V4C 28:>=0==O 0=0;>3VG=>3> ( 0=0;>3VG=8E) 70 ?@54<5B>< 70:C?V2;V 4>3>2>@C ( 4>3>2>@V2) #G0A=8: <0T =040B8: 1 . 1 . 1 . 4>2V4:C 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V, 7 V=D>@<0FVTN ?@> 28:>=0==O 0=0;>3VG=>3> ( 0=0;>3VG=8E) 70 ?@54<5B>< 70:C?V2;V 4>3>2>@C ( 4>3>2>@V2) ( =5 <5=H5 >4=>3> 4>3>2>@C) 70 2 0 2 1 - 2 0 2 3 @>:8. =0;>3VG=8< 22060TBLAO 4>3>2V@, 70 O:8< CG0A=8: ?>AB0G02 H8=8 02B><>1V;L=V 1 . 1 . 2 . =5 <5=H5 1 :>?VW 4>3>2>@C, 707=0G5=>3> 2 4>2V4FV 2 ?>2=><C >1AO7V; 1 . 1 . 3 . 4>:C<5=B8, I> ?V4B25@46CNBL D0:B ?5@540GV <09=0 B0 28:>=0==O B0:>3> 4>3>2>@C ( 4>3>2>@V2) C ?>2=><C >1AO7V, 0 A0<5: :>?VW 0:BV2 ?@89><:8 ?5@540GV, 2840B:>28E =0:;04=8E B>I>; 1 . 1 . 4 . ;8AB- 2V43C: ( 01> @5:><5=40FV9=89 ;8AB B>I>) ( =5 <5=H5 >4=>3>) 2V4 :>=B@035=B0 73V4=> 7 0=0;>3VG=8< 4>3>2>@><, O:89 707=0G5=> 2 4>2V4FV B0 =040=> C A:;04V B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW ?@> =0;56=5 28:>=0==O FL>3> 4>3>2>@C. 2 0O2=VABL >1;04=0==O, <0B5@V0;L=>- B5E=VG=>W 1078 B0 B5E=>;>3V9. >2V4:0 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V 7 V=D>@<0FVTN I>4> =0O2=>W <0B5@V0;L=>- B5E=VG=>W 1078 B0 B5E=>;>3V9, =5>1EV4=>W 4;O 74V9A=5==O ?>AB02:8 ?@54<5B0 70:C?V2;V. * # @07V CG0ABV >1 T4=0==O CG0A=8:V2 ?V4B25@465==O 2V4?>2V4=>ABV :20;VDV:0FV9=8< :@8B5@VO< 74V9A=NTBLAO 7 C@0EC20==O< C7030;L=5=8E >1 T4=0=8E ?>:07=8:V2 :>6=>3> CG0A=8:0 B0:>3> >1 T4=0==O =0 ?V4AB02V =040=>W >1 T4=0==O< V=D>@<0FVW. 1 ) # A:;04V B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW CG0A=8: =040T V=D>@<0FVN 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V ?@> B5, I> CG0A=8: ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V =5 T N@848G=>N >A>1>N @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL 45@602=>W D>@<8 2;0A=>ABV, N@848G=>N >A>1>N, AB2>@5=>N B0/ 01> 70@5TAB@>20=>N 2V4?>2V4=> 4> 70:>=>402AB20 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, B0/ 01> N@848G=>N >A>1>N, :V=F528< 15=5DVFV0@=8< 2;0A=8:>< ( 2;0A=8:><) O:>W T @57845=B ( @57845=B8) @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> DV78G=>N >A>1>N ( DV78G=>N >A>1>N ?V4?@8T<F5<) @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> T AC1 T:B>< 3>A?>40@N20==O, I> 74V9A=NT ?@>406 B>20@V2, @>1VB, ?>A;C3 ?>E>465==O< 7 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL ( 70 28=OB:>< B>20@V2, @>1VB B0 ?>A;C3, =5>1EV4=8E 4;O @5<>=BC B0 >1A;C3>2C20==O B>20@V2, ?@8410=8E 4> =01@0==O G8==>ABV ?>AB0=>2>N 01V=5BC V=VAB@V2 #:@0W=8 2V4 1 2 6>2B=O 2 0 2 2 @. ! 1 1 7 8 @> 70B25@465==O >A>1;82>AB59 74V9A=5==O ?C1;VG=8E 70:C?V25;L B>20@V2, @>1VB V ?>A;C3 4;O 70<>2=8:V2, ?5@5410G5=8E 0:>=>< #:@0W=8 @> ?C1;VG=V 70:C?V2;V , =0 ?5@V>4 4VW ?@02>2>3> @568<C 2>T==>3> AB0=C 2 #:@0W=V B0 ?@>BO3>< 9 0 4=V2 7 4=O 9>3> ?@8?8=5==O 01> A:0AC20==O ) . 0 ?V4B25@465==O V=D>@<0FVW 707=0G5=> C 4>2V4FV 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V CG0A=8: =040T 8BO3 7 48=>3> 45@602=>3> @5TAB@C N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 - ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L. # @07V =5=040==O CG0A=8:>< 4>2V4:8 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V B0 8BO3C 7 48=>3> 45@602=>3> @5TAB@C N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 - ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L B0/ 01> C 28?04:C O:I> CG0A=8: ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V T N@848G=>N >A>1>N @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL 45@602=>W D>@<8 2;0A=>ABV, N@848G=>N >A>1>N, AB2>@5=>N B0/ 01> 70@5TAB@>20=>N 2V4?>2V4=> 4> 70:>=>402AB20 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, B0/ 01> N@848G=>N >A>1>N, :V=F528< 15=5DVFV0@=8< 2;0A=8:>< ( 2;0A=8:><) O:>W T @57845=B ( @57845=B8) @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> DV78G=>N >A>1>N ( DV78G=>N >A>1>N ?V4?@8T<F5<) @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> T AC1 T:B>< 3>A?>40@N20==O, I> 74V9A=NT ?@>406 B>20@V2, @>1VB, ?>A;C3 ?>E>465==O< 7 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL ( 70 28=OB:>< B>20@V2, @>1VB B0 ?>A;C3, =5>1EV4=8E 4;O @5<>=BC B0 >1A;C3>2C20==O B>20@V2, ?@8410=8E 4> =01@0==O G8==>ABV ?>AB0=>2>N 01V=5BC V=VAB@V2 #:@0W=8 2V4 1 2 6>2B=O 2 0 2 2 @. ! 1 1 7 8 @> 70B25@465==O >A>1;82>AB59 74V9A=5==O ?C1;VG=8E 70:C?V25;L B>20@V2, @>1VB V ?>A;C3 4;O 70<>2=8:V2, ?5@5410G5=8E 0:>=>< #:@0W=8 @> ?C1;VG=V 70:C?V2;V , =0 ?5@V>4 4VW ?@02>2>3> @568<C 2>T==>3> AB0=C 2 #:@0W=V B0 ?@>BO3>< 9 0 4=V2 7 4=O 9>3> ?@8?8=5==O 01> A:0AC20==O ) , 70<>2=8: 2V4E8;OT B0:>3> CG0A=8:0 =0 ?V4AB02V 0170FC 7 ?V4?C=:BC 1 ?C=:BC 4 1 A>1;82>AB59, 0 A0<5: CG0A=8: ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V T N@848G=>N >A>1>N @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL 45@602=>W D>@<8 2;0A=>ABV, N@848G=>N >A>1>N, AB2>@5=>N B0/ 01> 70@5TAB@>20=>N 2V4?>2V4=> 4> 70:>=>402AB20 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, B0/ 01> N@848G=>N >A>1>N, :V=F528< 15=5DVFV0@=8< 2;0A=8:>< ( 2;0A=8:><) O:>W T @57845=B ( @57845=B8) @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> DV78G=>N >A>1>N ( DV78G=>N >A>1>N ?V4?@8T<F5<) @57845=B>< @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL, 01> T AC1 T:B>< 3>A?>40@N20==O, I> 74V9A=NT ?@>406 B>20@V2, @>1VB, ?>A;C3 ?>E>465==O< 7 @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW/ @5A?C1;V:8 1V;>@CAL ( 70 28=OB:>< B>20@V2, @>1VB B0 ?>A;C3, =5>1EV4=8E 4;O @5<>=BC B0 >1A;C3>2C20==O B>20@V2, ?@8410=8E 4> =01@0==O G8==>ABV ?>AB0=>2>N 01V=5BC V=VAB@V2 #:@0W=8 2V4 1 2 6>2B=O 2 0 2 2 @. ! 1 1 7 8 @> 70B25@465==O >A>1;82>AB59 74V9A=5==O ?C1;VG=8E 70:C?V25;L B>20@V2, @>1VB V ?>A;C3 4;O 70<>2=8:V2, ?5@5410G5=8E 0:>=>< #:@0W=8 @> ?C1;VG=V 70:C?V2;V , =0 ?5@V>4 4VW ?@02>2>3> @568<C 2>T==>3> AB0=C 2 #:@0W=V B0 ?@>BO3>< 9 0 4=V2 7 4=O 9>3> ?@8?8=5==O 01> A:0AC20==O ) . 2 ) #G0A=8: C A:;04V B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW <0T =040B8 4>2V4:C 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V ?@> B5, I> 2V= =5 74V9A=NT 3>A?>40@AL:C 4VO;L=VABL 01> 9>3> <VAF57=0E>465==O ( <VAF5 ?@>6820==O 4;O DV78G=8E >AV1- ?V4?@8T<FV2) =5 7=0E>48BLAO =0 B8<G0A>2> >:C?>20=V9 B5@8B>@VW. # @07V, O:I> <VAF57=0E>465==O CG0A=8:0 70@5TAB@>20=5 =0 B8<G0A>2> >:C?>20=V9 B5@8B>@VW, CG0A=8: <0T =040B8 ?V4B25@465==O 7<V=8 ?>40B:>2>W 04@5A8 =0 V=HC B5@8B>@VN #:@0W=8 2840=5 C?>2=>2065=8< =0 F5 >@30=><. "8<G0A>2> >:C?>20=>N B5@8B>@VTN T G0AB8=8 B5@8B>@VW #:@0W=8, 2 <560E O:8E 71@>9=V D>@<C20==O @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW B0 >:C?0FV9=0 04<V=VAB@0FVO @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW 2AB0=>28;8 B0 74V9A=NNBL D0:B8G=89 :>=B@>;L 01> 2 <560E O:8E 71@>9=V D>@<C20==O @>AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW 2AB0=>28;8 B0 74V9A=NNBL 7030;L=89 :>=B@>;L 7 <5B>N 2AB0=>2;5==O >:C?0FV9=>W 04<V=VAB@0FVW @AV9AL:>W D545@0FVW. # @07V =5=040==O CG0A=8:>< V=D>@<0FVW 01> C 28?04:C O:I> CG0A=8: 70@5TAB@>20=89 =0 B8<G0A>2> >:C?>20=V9 B5@8B>@VW B0 =5 =0402 C A:;04V B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW ?V4B25@465==O 7<V=8 ?>40B:>2>W 04@5A8 =0 V=HC B5@8B>@VN #:@0W=8 2840=5 C?>2=>2065=8< =0 F5 >@30=><, 70<>2=8: 2V4E8;OT 9>3> B5=45@=C ?@>?>78FVN =0 ?V4AB02V 0170FC 5 ?V4?C=:BC 2 ?C=:BC 4 1 A>1;82>AB59, 0 A0<5: B5=45@=0 ?@>?>78FVO =5 2V4?>2V40T 28<>30<, CAB0=>2;5=8< C B5=45@=V9 4>:C<5=B0FVW 2V4?>2V4=> 4> 0170FC ?5@H>3> G0AB8=8 B@5BL>W AB0BBV 2 2 0:>=C. 3 ) # @07V O:I> ?5@5<>65FL ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V =5 =0402 C A?>AV1, 707=0G5=89 2 B5=45@=V9 4>:C<5=B0FVW, 4>:C<5=B8, I> ?V4B25@46CNBL 2V4ACB=VABL ?V4AB02, CAB0=>2;5=8E ?. 4 4 A>1;82>AB59 74V9A=5==O ?C1;VG=8E 70:C?V25;L B>20@V2, @>1VB V ?>A;C3 4;O 70<>2=8:V2, ?5@5410G5=8E 0:>=>< #:@0W=8 @> ?C1;VG=V 70:C?V2;V , =0 ?5@V>4 4VW ?@02>2>3> @568<C 2>T==>3> AB0=C 2 #:@0W=V B0 ?@>BO3>< 9 0 4=V2 7 4=O 9>3> ?@8?8=5==O 01> A:0AC20==O, 01> =0402 WE 7 ?>@CH5==O< AB@>:V2 287=0G5=8E A>1;82>ABO<8 70<>2=8: 2V4E8;OT 9>3> =0 ?V4AB02V 0170FC 3 ?V4?C=:BC 3 ?C=:BC 4 1 A>1;82>AB59, 0 A0<5: ?5@5<>65FL ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V =5 =0402 C A?>AV1, 707=0G5=89 2 B5=45@=V9 4>:C<5=B0FVW, 4>:C<5=B8, I> ?V4B25@46CNBL 2V4ACB=VABL ?V4AB02, CAB0=>2;5=8E AB0BB5N 1 7 0:>=C, 7 C@0EC20==O< ?C=:BC 4 4 F8E >A>1;82>AB59. * #G0A=8:8 B>@3V2 - =5@57845=B8 4;O 28:>=0==O 28<>3 I>4> ?>40==O 4>:C<5=BV2, ?5@5410G5=8E >40B:>< !1 4> B5=45@=>W 4>:C<5=B0FVW, ?>40NBL C A:;04V B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW 4>:C<5=B8, ?5@5410G5=V 70:>=>402AB2>< :@0W=, 45 2>=8 70@5TAB@>20=V, 7 02B5=B8G=8< ?5@5:;04>< C:@0W=AL:>N <>2>N. @07V, O:I> #G0A=8: 2V4?>2V4=> 4> =>@< G8==>3> 70:>=>402AB20, 01> CG0A=8:- =5@57845=B 2V4?>2V4=> 4> =>@< 70:>=>402AB20 :@0W=8 @5TAB@0FVW, =5 7>1>2 O70=89 A:;040B8 O:89AL 7 2:070=8E 4>:C<5=BV2, B0:89 #G0A=8: >D>@<;OT ;8AB- @>7 OA=5==O 70 D>@<>N, ?>40=>N =86G5 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V 70 ?V4?8A>< C?>2=>2065=>W >A>18 #G0A=8:0, 2 O:><C 707=0G0T 70:>=>402GV ?V4AB028 =5=040==O 28I5707=0G5=8E 4>:C<5=BV2. $>@<0 >OA=N20;L=0 70?8A:0 "01;8FO 3 ! 7/ ? 0720 4>:C<5=BC/ V=D>@<0FVW, ?5@5410G5=>3> B5=45@=>N 4>:C<5=B0FVTN 0720 0=0;>3C 4>:C<5=BC ( V7 707=0G5==O<, =0 O:8E AB>@V=:0E B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW B0:89 4>:C<5=B <VAB8BLAO) 01> V=D>@<0FVO ?@> 2V4ACB=VABL B0:>3> 4>:C<5=BC B0 9>3> 0=0;>3C ( V7 707=0G5==O< 70:>=>402G8E ?V4AB02 ?@8G8= 2V4ACB=>ABV/ =5=040==O) 1 2 3 1 2 & =H0 V=D>@<0FVO 2AB0=>2;5=0 2V4?>2V4=> 4> 70:>=>402AB20 ( 4;O #'! N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 B0 DV78G=8E >AV1 ?V4?@8T<FV2) "01;8FO 4 =HV 4>:C<5=B8 2V4 #G0A=8:0: 1 /:I> B5=45@=0 ?@>?>78FVO ?>40TBLAO =5 :5@V2=8:>< CG0A=8:0, 707=0G5=8< C 48=><C 45@602=><C @5TAB@V N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L, 0 V=H>N >A>1>N, CG0A=8: =040T 4>2V@5=VABL 01> 4>@CG5==O =0 B0:C >A>1C. 2 >AB>2V@=0 V=D>@<0FVO C 283;O4V 4>2V4:8 4>2V;L=>W D>@<8, C O:V9 707=0G8B8 40=V ?@> =0O2=VABL G8==>W ;VF5=7VW 01> 4>:C<5=B0 4>72V;L=>3> E0@0:B5@C =0 ?@>20465==O 284C 3>A?>40@AL:>W 4VO;L=>ABV, O:I> >B@8<0==O 4>72>;C 01> ;VF5=7VW =0 ?@>20465==O B0:>3> 284C 4VO;L=>ABV ?5@5410G5=> 70:>=><. 0<VABL 4>2V4:8 4>2V;L=>W D>@<8 CG0A=8: <>65 =040B8 G8==C ;VF5=7VN 01> 4>:C<5=B 4>72V;L=>3> E0@0:B5@C. 3 >2V4:0, A:;045=0 2 4>2V;L=V9 D>@<V, O:0 <VAB8BL V=D>@<0FVN ?@> 70A=>2=8:0 B0 :V=F52>3> 15=5DVFV0@=>3> 2;0A=8:0 CG0A=8:0, 7>:@5<0: =0720 N@848G=>W >A>18, I> T 70A=>2=8:>< CG0A=8:0, WW <VAF57=0E>465==O B0 :@0W=0 @5TAB@0FVW; ?@V728I5, V< O ?> 10BL:>2V 70A=>2=8:0 B0/ 01> :V=F52>3> 15=5DVFV0@=>3> 2;0A=8:0, 04@5A0 9>3> <VAFO ?@>6820==O B0 3@><04O=AB2>. 07=0G5=0 4>2V4:0 =040TBLAO ;8H5 CG0A=8:0<8 N@848G=8<8 >A>10<8 B0 ;8H5 2 ?5@V>4, :>;8 48=89 45@602=89 @5TAB@ N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L =5 DC=:FV>=CT. =D>@<0FVO ?@> :V=F52>3> 15=5DVFV0@=>3> 2;0A=8:0 707=0G0TBLAO 2 4>2V4FV ;8H5 CG0A=8:0<8 N@848G=8<8 >A>10<8, O:V ?>28==V <0B8 B0:C V=D>@<0FVN 2 48=><C 45@602=><C @5TAB@V N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L 2V4?>2V4=> 4> ?C=:BC 9 G0AB8=8 2 AB0BBV 9 0:>=C #:@0W=8 @> 45@602=C @5TAB@0FVN N@848G=8E >AV1, DV78G=8E >AV1 ?V4?@8T<FV2 B0 3@><04AL:8E D>@<C20=L . 5@5;V: V=D>@<0FVW =0 ?V4B25@465==O 2V4?>2V4=>ABV B5=45@=>W ?@>?>78FVW 28<>30< ?. 4 4 >A>1;82>AB59 74V9A=5==O ?C1;VG=8E 70:C?V25;L B>20@V2, @>1VB V ?>A;C3 4;O 70<>2=8:V2, ?5@5410G5=8E 70:>=>< C:@0W=8 ?@> ?C1;VG=V 70:C?V2;V , =0 ?5@V>4 4VW ?@02>2>3> @568<C 2>T==>3> AB0=C 2 C:@0W=V B0 ?@>BO3>< 9 0 4=V2 7 4=O 9>3> ?@8?8=5==O 01> A:0AC20==O "01;8FO 4 ! 7/ ? V4AB028 4;O 2V4<>28 #G0A=8:C 2 CG0ABV C 2V4:@8B8E B>@30E ( ?V4AB028 4;O 2V4E8;5==O B5=45@=8E ?@>?>78FV9) 2V4?>2V4=> 4> ?. 4 4 A>1;82>AB59 =D>@<0FVO, I> =040TBLAO =0 ?V4B25@465==O 2V4ACB=>ABV ?V4AB02 4;O 2V4<>28 ( 2V4E8;5==O) #G0A=8: 5@5<>65FL 1 0<>2=8: <0T =570?5@5G=V 4>:078 B>3>, I> CG0A=8: ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V ?@>?>=CT, 40T 01> ?>3>46CTBLAO 40B8 ?@O<> G8 >?>A5@54:>20=> 1C4L- O:V9 A;C61>2V9 ( ?>A04>2V9) >A>1V 70<>2=8:0, V=H>3> 45@602=>3> >@30=C 28=03>@>4C 2 1C4L- O:V9 D>@<V ( ?@>?>78FVO I>4> =09<0==O =0 @>1>BC, FV==0 @VG, ?>A;C30 B>I>) 7 <5B>N 2?;8=CB8 =0 ?@89=OBBO @VH5==O I>4> 287=0G5==O ?5@5<>6FO ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V ( ?. 4 4 ( 1 ) A>1;82>AB59) 5 28<030TBLAO ( 45:;0@CTBLAO 2 !) 5 28<030TBLAO 2 V4><>ABV ?@> N@848G=C >A>1C, O:0 T CG0A=8:>< ?@>F54C@8 70:C?V2;V, 2=5A5=> 4> 48=>3> 45@602=>3> @5TAB@C >AV1, O:V 2G8=8;8 :>@C?FV9=V 01> ?>2 O70=V 7 :>@C?FVTN ?@02>?>@CH5==O ( ?. 4 4 ( 2 ) A>1;82>AB59) 5 28<030TBLAO ( 45:;0@CTBLAO 2 !) V4?>2V4=> 4> ;8AB0 2V4 3 1 . 0 5 . 2 0 2 2 @. ! 2 3 - 0 6 / 1 2 8 6 5 - 2 2 ?V4 G0A 2>T==>3> AB0=C H J * , . 4 λ{m`P